Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce) and the Global Economy Essay -- Explo

Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce) and the Global EconomyIntroductionThe world we live in forthwith, revolves around technology, tender innovations and constant change. The global economy incorporates these changes into its daily applications forming a technological driven world where businesses thrive on information and competitive markets. Computers and conference networks have plant a seed in this information progress where enterprises flourish forming revolutionized market economies. One of the most profound changes emerging in the world of business today is the introduction and use of Electronic Commerce or EC. The impact of EC on customer run as well on businesses is dramatic sufficient to affect any and every organization. Electronic commerce is the buying and selling of products and services and information via a computer network.. It provides opportunities for companies to expand their business worldwide at a small cost. Business to ConsumerEC includes business i nteraction with consumers where companies sell directly to consumers over the Internet. In terms of retail, Business- to Consumer applications have increased revenues, and eliminated costly intermediaries give care distributors, warehousing, etc. In addition, with the development of EC, the use of catalog or television shopping channels are becoming less popular. The former, limits an individual to what is seen on the cover song or paper rather than the latter EC that allows a wide variety of products. Shopping online also offers 24-hour service, the luxury of shopping for an item at your stimulate convenience and detailed information of products and their prices, even when they go on sale With the use of EC, distribution channels are eliminated maki... ...It benefits consumers immensely by providing convenience and variety. Computers and communication networks have paved the way for a technological driven economy in the last 20 years. Organizations are able to create e fficient services and products, resulting in competitive markets, leading to specialization of products and concluding in higher profits and enhanced service. Moreover, the growth of E-commerce obliterates the production focused economy of the industrial age and extends the information age to new heights through business services offered using the internet. http//hotwired.lycos.com/special/ene/Works CitedEfraim Turban, R.Kelly Rainer, Richard E. Potter. Introduction to Information Technology. Toronto John Wiley and Sons Inc. (2001)Joh brown and Spencer Reiss. Encyclopedia of the New Economy. (http//hotwired.wired.com/special/ene/)

Essay --

In the 1950s, quadriceps femoris exploration represented the epitome of kind-hearted scientific achievement. However, beginning in the 1970s, long-term goals of home exploration were shelved in favor of smaller projects that kept astronauts closer to Earth. Throughout the years, advocates have pushed for a show to space exploration, noting that valuable discoveries and technological advancements would likely emerge from such(prenominal) a program. In 2011, the United States ended its space shuttle program. While other countries such as China and Russia continue to expand their space programs today, American space exploration has been put to a halt. Many Americans believe that the United States space program requires a huge chunk of government funding. In reality, NASA (National Aeronautics and outer space Administration) spending typically comprises of less than one percent of the federal governments budget ( berth Exploration). Many Americans have called for an end to governmen t-funded space exploration because they tincture like the space program does not offer any benefits to the average citizen and that the bills would be better spent on Earth-based efforts to ameliorate the nation ( infinite Exploration). What if by traveling to space and exploring the unknown territory, we in fact improve our nation? What if Mars is capable of sustaining life? What if the cure for cancer is deception beneath the surface of a planet? If space exploration remains halted, thither might be many questions left unanswered. In 2004, President George W. scrub announced the end of the US space shuttle program in 2010. He planned to replace it with a space program named Constellation, which aimed to return Americans to the synodic month to do more research and to tap into that bodys frozen water for mak... ...chael Lind, an author and insurance policy director at the New America Foundation, saidWhen the Apollo astronauts landed on the moon, many assumed that this was t he first step toward the permanent colonization of the moon and journeys by astronauts to other planets. From todays perspective, though, the space race was like the races to the North Pole and the southeastern Pole. Once explorers had reached those destinations, the world lost interest.Space exploration is something that is extremely important to the in store(predicate) of our nation. Leaving space undiscovered would leave many questions unanswered. The solution to many of our nations problems could be found in space, but Americans will never know unless space exploration continues to be successful. If the government no longer wants to fund a space program, space exploration should become privatized so that progress can be made. Essay -- In the 1950s, space exploration represented the epitome of human scientific achievement. However, beginning in the 1970s, long-term goals of space exploration were shelved in favor of smaller projects that kept astronauts closer t o Earth. Throughout the years, advocates have pushed for a return to space exploration, noting that valuable discoveries and technological advancements would likely emerge from such a program. In 2011, the United States ended its space shuttle program. While other countries such as China and Russia continue to expand their space programs today, American space exploration has been put to a halt. Many Americans believe that the United States space program requires a huge chunk of government funding. In reality, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) spending typically comprises of less than one percent of the federal governments budget (Space Exploration). Many Americans have called for an end to government-funded space exploration because they feel like the space program does not offer any benefits to the average citizen and that the money would be better spent on Earth-based efforts to improve the nation (Space Exploration). What if by traveling to space and exploring the unknown territory, we in fact improve our nation? What if Mars is capable of sustaining life? What if the cure for cancer is lying beneath the surface of a planet? If space exploration remains halted, there might be many questions left unanswered. In 2004, President George W. Bush announced the end of the US space shuttle program in 2010. He planned to replace it with a space program named Constellation, which aimed to return Americans to the moon to do more research and to tap into that bodys frozen water for mak... ...chael Lind, an author and policy director at the New America Foundation, saidWhen the Apollo astronauts landed on the moon, many assumed that this was the first step toward the permanent colonization of the moon and journeys by astronauts to other planets. From todays perspective, though, the space race was like the races to the North Pole and the South Pole. Once explorers had reached those destinations, the world lost interest.Space exploration is something th at is extremely important to the future of our nation. Leaving space undiscovered would leave many questions unanswered. The solution to many of our nations problems could be found in space, but Americans will never know unless space exploration continues to be successful. If the government no longer wants to fund a space program, space exploration should become privatized so that progress can be made.

Laptop Computers: School Utilization and Student Achievement :: essays papers

Laptop Computers School Utilization and Student AchievementIt has become all too evident in straightaways society that there is a need for a quality, successful education system. The need for skills in technology are also obvious. Schools across the farming are now trying to achieve both of these goals by providing a laptop computer to each student. Principal John Kozusko, an administrator at matchless such school claims, Its like a world apart. Its changed the way teachers teachthe way they think about kids. (Chute, 2000 4) According to Speaker move around Johnson of the Michigan House of Representatives, Students kick in progressed from learning about computers to learning from them. (Johnson, 2003,18) This paper will examine how laptops are being utilized in schools and the effect that they have on student achievement.ParticipationThe movement to use laptop computers to provide a first-rate education to all students has quickly been spreading across the nation. end -to-end the United States, Microsoft has counted more than 125,000 students and teachers at 800 schools participating in such programs. (Chute, 2000) In researching this topic, I have found documentation of programs in elementary schools, middle schools, and full(prenominal) schools in a number of different states. These states include, but are not limited to, New York, Maine, Pennsylvania, California, Michigan, and Texas.Some schools fund the program on their own, often commencement with a pilot program and expanding as funds become available. (Seeing is, nd) Others collaborate with corpo proportionalityns such as Microsoft and Netschools. (Chute, 2000) Additional funding has come from sources such as worry donations, personal monies, federal funds, and bond money. (Corcoran, 2002)Laptop UsageThe cases described throughout this paper all include schools that provided laptops for students and/or teachers so that the student to computer ratio was 11. As stated above, for some schools this was done with a pilot group, while other schools provided computers to all students. Students are then required to bring their laptop to class, ready to use, just as they must bring their textbooks, pencils, and other necessary materials. (Chute, 2000) They are also responsible for charging the battery for their computer and transporting their computer to and from school on a daily basis. How the computer is equipped varies depending on the make of the computer and the operating system and firewalls set up by the schools.

Prop 209 Essay -- essays research papers

IntroductionIt has been state that Californias 1996 Proposition 209 is misleading. It can also be said that it is discriminating to women and minorities. Proposition 209 was passed on November, 5 1996 but has not taken effect since the Supreme Court ruled that it is unconstitutional in February 1997.BodyAs I stated before, Proposition 209 was passed in 1996 by California voters. It was passed by a margin of 56% to 46% but was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1997 and has not taken effect. There are many loop-holes in Proposition 209. One, for instance, is the title on the ballot Prohibition Against dissimilitude and Preferable Treatment. The proposed amendment would actually make sexual and racial discrimination more legal while attracting voters at the poll with its loosely written title. What Proposition 209 real does is end affirmative action outreach programs for women and minorities in government jobs and contracts, bans courts from ordering affirmative action r emedies in the case of racial or sexual discrimination, and scraps maths and science programs for girls. The proposed amendment is worded so carefully that it would persuade the average reader to vote for it, thinking they were voting against discrimination, while they were voting against discrimination programs.Proposition 209 hurts Californians in several(prenominal) ways. It would prohibit many outreach programs for women and minorities. Pr...

Use of Montage in the Movie, Night of the Hunter :: Movie Film Essays

Use of Montage in the Movie, Night of the hunting watchEbert said it best when he describes the characters of Night of the Hunter as Norman Rockwell archetypes. Taking place in an unassuming river town presumably during the Great Depression, the plot unravels around $10,000, stolen during a poorly planned brink robbery. No thought need be heeded on the heist, however, seeing as it was not important enough to waste film on. The money serves only to striation up the dominoes that will be knocked drop rather linearly in this predictable storyline. But to criticize this movie as predictable would be missing the entire premises the movies true purpose is seeking to illustrate a kind of righteousness vs. evil through cay use of montage.The central character to the storyline, Reverend Harry Powell, is what today would be considered the archetypal psychopath. His mask of a righteous, God-fearing saver of souls makes his true self that ofttimes creepier. In a truly twisted scene, Rev. P owell perverts the embraced idea of a hero riding in on a white horse cavalry by victimisation such a steed to stalk John and Pearl, the two children of the robber who have been entrusted with the money, accurately portraying the helplessness of innocence when a greater evil looms. such Biblical conflict can be seen throughout the movie, culminating with Rachel, a true follower of her Lord, warding off the evil Rev. Powell.In regard to montage, it would be easy to hold open off its use as the most effective instrument for illustrating an idea with the technology at hand in those days. Upon closer inspection, however, montage allows a belief to be portrayed much more effectively than might otherwise be possible using standard filming techniques. The childrens journey down the river is a great example of this. The collision of scenes of them slowly drifting in a boat, sometimes sleeping, sometimes talking, both day and night, with the reverend on his horse somehow keeping up expl odes in the rather nebulous concept of a nightmare in which no matter how fast or faraway one runs, the pursuer always keeps up (Eisenstein, The Dramaturgy of Film Form).

Cost of Capital for Marriott Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursewo

Cost of Capital for Marriott Mentioned Tables Not IncludedObjective 1) Calculate the divisional and the company greet of capital and explain the calculation. 2) Evaluate Marriotts use of company cost-of-capital rate for the individual divisions.Cost of Capital for Lodging Division can be expressed as CC = We*Ce + Wd*Cd. For the weights of debt and equity (We and Wd), the 1988 target-schedule rates of debt-to-assets and debt-to-equity were employ as the only measures available in the case. Cost of Equity (Ce) was calculated based on the CAPM formula. 30-year T-bond was used as a long-term risk-free security to get the risk-free rate, since Marriott used the cost of long-term debt for its lodging cost-of-capital calculations. The market premium 8.47 was the arithmetic-average spread amidst the S&P 500 returns and the short-term US T-bills between 1926-1987. This market premium is consistent with the current academic suggestions and it was used in all calculations of this e xercise.The leveraged important (Bl) of the lodging division, needed for CAPM, was derived from the following equation Bl=Bu(1+D/E), where Bu is the unleveraged Beta. Bu was in turn derived from the weighted-average of the Bus of the lodging businesses given in the case. The weighted-average rule rather than a simple arithmetic-average method was used to allow a more accurate Bu of the overall industry.Cost of Debt (Cd) is defined as (risk-free rate)+the premium (Tab...

Cost of Capital for Marriott Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursewo

Cost of Capital for Marriott Mentioned Tables Not IncludedObjective 1) Calculate the divisional and the company cost of bully and explain the calculation. 2) Evaluate Marriotts use of company cost-of-capital rate for the individual divisions.Cost of Capital for Lodging Division can be expressed as CC = We*Ce + Wd*Cd. For the weights of debt and equity (We and Wd), the 1988 target-schedule rates of debt-to-assets and debt-to-equity were use as the only measures available in the case. Cost of Equity (Ce) was calculated based on the CAPM formula. 30-year T-bond was used as a long-term risk-free security to get the risk-free rate, since Marriott used the cost of long-term debt for its lodge cost-of-capital calculations. The market premium 8.47 was the arithmetic-average spread between the S&P 500 returns and the short-term US T-bills between 1926-1987. This market premium is consistent with the current academic suggestions and it was used in all calculations of this exercise. The leveraged Beta (Bl) of the lodging division, needed for CAPM, was derived from the following equation Bl=Bu(1+D/E), where Bu is the unleveraged Beta. Bu was in turn derived from the weighted-average of the Bus of the lodging businesses given in the case. The weighted-average method rather than a simple arithmetic-average method was used to allow a more accurate Bu of the overall industry.Cost of Debt (Cd) is defined as (risk-free rate)+the premium (Tab...

Lord Byron “When we two parted” Essay

Lord Byron was k nown for having one forbidden distinguish, which is depicted in his poem When we two parted. The theme of the poem forbidden love comes from the poem itself telling a story about a love thing, and how some(prenominal) cannot coincide with for each one other, cheating and loving one person.The poem starts off with Byron and his mistress departing from one another, the two lovers now are nothing, but allusions, memories in each others mind. Also that they only both left with half Broken Hearts. The poem continues on with Byron informing the readers in the next lines mad grew thy cheek and cold,Colder thy kissTruly that hour foretoldThat they both left in tears, and then they use imagery to describe the morning dew and how it reminds him of the assault Byron is facing. The shame that the shame that is being referred to in the morning dew is, that you cannot have love affair. Throughout the next verse of Byrons poem he tells us that his conscious is now acquiring t o him. He is realizing what he has been doing is wrong but he cant admit or tell his mistress that has departed already. He shows the audience he is now feeling the viciousness and uneasiness is hard to bare with in this in the next linesHear thy name spoken,And share in its shame.They name thee before me,A knell to mine earA shrudder comes oer meIn the lines to come he tells us that he was having an affair and he is now deficiency he could take it all back for he knows what he has done is wrong. After he is finished admitting to his wrongdoing he now is faced with the guilt of this for the rest of his life. That he shall never meet his love again. But if he shall meet his love again he would tell her what he has done, but he will now have to live with this guilt for the rest of his life. He expresses these feelings in the closing verse of his poemin secret we metIn tranquillity I grieve,That thy heart could forget,Thy spirit deceiveIf I should meet theeAfter long years,How shoul d I greet thee?With silence and tears.Loving one means to love only one. You cannot win with two and you should never try. Love is a strong word and only had room for one. In this poem Byron talks about his affair and his lost. You see that he teaches us, no matter how good it feels at first, if you doing wrong, the pain will be even greater.

Love and Loneliness using Sputnik Sweetheart by Haruki Murakami Essay

Humans be probably the greediest animals that have walked on the face of earth. in that respect is always a want to achieve aboutthing greater than what one has. This might be a positive force on one hand, but on the other it can leave someone completely unsatisfied and unhappy with their support. One of the things out of the many which humans strive to look for in their life is sleep with. Love, a recurring theme in novels, movies, music, poetry, drama and what not, is hard to escape from.Whether it is motherly, friendly or romantic fill in, we on the whole have experienced it at some point in our lives. But does cut actually exist? If we look at this question from Haruki Murakamis Sputnik Sweethearts point of view, the answer would be no. Even though love is a major part of the book, at that place is not a single moment where two people are in love with each other. each(prenominal) the characters of the book have had some experience with love, but in the end all of them a re managing their own lives all by themselves. The book strongly hints the nonexistence of love and the loneliness caused by it. The best way to know as to what exactly love is, is to look inside our own self. If we claim to feel it, something must be going on inside our bodies to give us that sense of falling or being in love. Firstly, its your brain, not your heart, that falls in love (Myers, 51).It is evident from many scientific and psychological experiments that human romantic love is associated with dopaminergic pathways in the brain (Fisher, Aron, Brown, 2175). So when Sumire, a lesbian in the book Sputnik Sweetheart, fell in love, as if she was crossing a field when bang a bolt of lightning zapped her right in the head, the real culprits were something known as neurotransmitters and hormones which are, in simple words, chemicals in our body that control us (Murakami, 9). Sumire was in the lust var. and most probably infra the influence of the hormones called testosterone a nd oestrogen.These hormonesas Helen Fisher says get you out looking for anything (The Science of Love). The second phase or the real love struck phase is seen in the book when Sumire cannot escape from the thoughts of Miu (The science of love). Thats the ballpoint pen she uses the mug she drinks coffee from (Murakami, 50). One cannot blame Sumire for being so zany as she has no control over the dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine levels in her body. These chemicals are responsible for the cloud-nine feeling, and the loss of appetite, quiescence and concentration when one is in love. This is seen in Sumires case too when every single time she sat down to start writing something no matter how much she stared at the screen, not a single sentence came to her (Murakami, 36).Heart racing, flushed cheeks, butterflies in the stomach, these all the signs of being in love, but it is not love, it is just chemicals in our bodies making us feel that way. Very closely tied to the brain is o ur mental psych and genetic makeup and it can help explain the complex result of love well. The main objective of animals and plants on this earth is to make more of their kind so that their genes are passed on, have a better chance of hold out in the future, and can compete against others genes. Like any other animal, humans are predisposed to this kind of behaviour too. In Sputnik Sweetheart K, the narrator and Sumires best friend, is in love with Sumire who is a lesbian and hence cannot reciprocate his love. Even though K knows Sumire is the one he has true feelings for, his body seeks sex.This makes him sleep around with other women on a daily basis. Though these little flings never aroused much passion in him they were, at most a kind of comfort for his body (Murakami, 64). According to the Maslows hierarchy of ask, sex is considered as important as air, sleep, food and shelter (Myers, 331). It is one of the basic needs in life regardless of any emotional connection to the other mortal. Also, all the women who K had physical relationships with were older and either were married or had fiancs or steady boyfriends.Psychology can explain even this as men are most attracted to women who were at ages associated with peak fertility and thus teenager boys are most excited by a woman several years older than themselves. (Myers, 106). When it comes to attraction every small factor same(p) skin, olfaction and body shape play a huge role in deciding whether a woman is good to mate with or not (Myers, 106). All these behaviours are a result of a phenomenon known asnatural selection where nature selects behaviours that increase the likelihood of sending ones gene into the future (Myers, 106). So in the end, it is not us who get to decide who we will pair up with and have children with, but it is our genes that get to choose.How can love exist when we do not even get to choose the person we get attracted to? After looking at the scientific explanations of love, it is important to know how doctrine describes it to get an overall idea of what love is. Kierkegaard, an existentialist philosopher believes only Christian love is true and all other love, whether humanly speaking it withers earlyish and is altered or lovingly preserves itself for a round of timesuch love is still transient it merely blossoms. This is precisely its weakness and tragedy, whether it blossoms for an second or for seventy yearsit merely blossoms. (25).There is no sense of any kind of God in the book Sputnik Sweetheart, so there is no possibility of Christian love which Kierkegaard seems to support. The only kind of love seen in the book is either friendly or erotic love. But what he state about other kind of love, like Eros, seems to be very true since there is not a single moment where two people truly love each other and show it the love people have for each other never really blossoms.Kierkegaard in his Work of love clear states that there is no love if it bears no fruit and in the book, there is no fruit, only loneliness which can be considered as the opponent of something fruitful (28). When Miu rejects Sumires love, Sumire disappears from everyones lives, which was very frightening for K as well as Miu. And when she comes back to K she admits how she feels and says I think I cut somethings throat. One cannot say if she meant it literally or not, but even if she said it metaphorically, she must feel extremely dreadful to say something like that. Secondly, love makes one completely dependent on someone else. When Sumire leaves everyone without any proper explanation K admits, She Sumire helped me forget the undertone of loneliness in my life.His love for Sumire is making him completely dependent when throughout the book it is shown how much she who is dependent on him. Love has turned the tables for him and now he is the one who is weak and vulnerable. And anyway, there is no point of loving someone if it keeps making one feel more and more alone. It is impossible to see the good part love plays as there is none. And as Kierkegaard said, love does not exist if it does not bear any fruits. If one was asked tosummarise the story line of Sputnik Sweetheart it would be something like this K, the narrator, loves Sumire, but Sumire realises she is lesbian when she falls for Miu, a married woman 17 years elder to Sumire, and hence she cannot love K back. But due to an great incident, Miu has lost all sexual desires and so cannot reciprocate Sumires love.So after disappearing like smoke for a few days, Sumire comes back to K to give their love a try even though she knows she is a lesbian (Murakami, 103). It is easy to pick out that there is a constant depend for love in Sumires life. In the spring of her twenty-second year, Sumire fell in love for the first time in her life. (Murakami, 5). Even though in high school she had a few boyfriends, guys shed go to the cinema with, go swimming with, she took 22 years long to fi nd the right person to fall in love with, and when she finally did, it was someone she could not get (Murakami, 11). If it was something other than love, one would have long given up on it. It is called intentional helplessness in psychology.But, Sumire did not stop from trying to find love all over again and she came back to K. Love clearly seems to be a purpose in life for some people. But what is the purpose of life? There is a point in the book where K realises and says, Id have to survive on my own. (Murakami, 187) However much we, as humans, feel that we are living for a purpose and there are people who address and love, the truth is that we are all by ourselves.K realises it, even though it is quite far into the book, but he does in, and in a rather painful way. Sputnik Sweetheart, the name of the book itself, suggests loneliness as it refers to Sputnik II, the Soviet satellite which was launched into space with the dog Laika, the first living being to go into space which d ied barking of hunger. It gives a moving picture of the dark, lustrous eyes of the dog gazing out of the tiny window into the empty space all alone (Murakami, 10).What is it about love that makes humans so fearsome for it? Biology and psychology clearly explain that it is just how our bodies are made and how the animal kingdom functions. Also, according to Kierkegaard, erotic, romantic, friendly or philia love is just shipboard and never develops fully. It is also seen that being in love never has a positive outcome and from what Kierkegaard said love does not exist if it does not conjure something useful. So why is it that we keep seeking love? Are we just lonelyand anxious to find something more than life itself? Is it that we are lonely and by ourselves in this world, and hence cannot love, or is it that we cannot love that is why we are lonely? Either way, there is no love, but only loneliness.Work CitedThe Science of Love. BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 14 May 2013. Myers, David G. Myers Psychology for AP. New York, NY Worth, 2011. Print. Helen E. Fisher, Arthur Aron and Lucy L. Brown Philosophical Transactions Biological Sciences , Vol. 361, No. 1476, The Neurobiology of Social Recognition, Attraction and Bonding (Dec. 29, 2006), pp. 2173-2186

History of Criminal Justice Essay

The modern sinful referee dodging has evolved since old-fashionedtimes, with new forms ofpunishment, addedrightsforoff restersand victims, andpolicingreforms. These developments have reflected changingcustoms, semipolitical ideals, and economic conditions. In ancient times through the middle Ages,exilewas a common form of punishment. During theMiddle Ages, salary to the victim (or the victims family), known aswergild, was some other common punishment, including for violent hatreds.For those who could not afford to buy their way out of punishment, harsh penalties included various forms ofcorporal punishment. These includedmutilation,branding, andflogging, as well asexecution. Though a prison,Le Stinche, existed as early as the 14th century inItaly, incarcerationwas not widely employ until the 19th century. correctional reform in the United States was initiative initiated byWilliam Penn, towards the end of the 17th century. For a time,Pennsylvanias whitlow code was revised to forbid anguishand other forms of cruel punishment, withjailsandprisonsreplacing corporal punishment.These reforms were reverted, upon Penns death in 1718. Under pressure from a group of boosters, these reforms were revived in Pennsylvania toward the end of the 18th century, and led to a marked drop in Pennsylvanias crime rate. Patrick Colquhoun,Henry Fieldingand others led significant reforms during the late 18th and early nineteenth centuries. 19 Definition Criminal justiceis the system of practices and institutions ofgovernmentsdirected at upholdingcontrol, deterringand mitigatingcrime, or sanctioning those who violatelawswith criminal penalties andrehabilitation efforts.Those charge of crime haveprotectionsagainst abuse of investigatory and prosecution powers. The criminal justice system consists of three main partitionings (1)Legislative(create laws) (2) adjudication (courts) and (3)corrections(jails, prisons, probation and parole). In the criminal justice system, these disti nct agencies operate together both under therule of lawand as the principal means of maintaining therule of lawwithinsociety. PolicingThe first communicate anoffenderhas with the criminal justice system is usually with the jurisprudence(orlaw enforcement) who investigate the suspected wrongdoing and make anarrest, but if the suspect is dangerous to the strong nation, a national directlaw enforcement agencyis called in . When warranted, law enforcement agencies or jurisprudence officers be empowered to use force and other forms of judicial coercion and means to effect unrestricted and social order. The term is most commonly associated with police departments of a domainthat are authorized to exercise thepolice powerof that state within a defined legal or territorial area of responsibility.The word comes from theLatinpolitia( civil administration), which itself derives from theAncient Grecian , forpolis(city). The first police force comparable to the present-day police was est ablished in 1667 under KingLouis XIVin France, although modern police usually trace their origins to the 1800 establishment of theMarine PoliceinLondon, theGlasgow Police, and theNapoleonicpolice of Paris. Police are primarily concerned with keeping the peace and enforcingcriminal lawbased on their particular mission and jurisdiction.Formed in 1908 theFederal Bureau of Investigationbegan as an entity which could investigate and enforce specific federal laws as an investigative and law enforcement agency in the United States10this, however, has constituted only a small portion of overall policing activity. 11Policing has included an array of activities in different contexts, but the predominant ones are concerned withorder maintenanceand the provision of services. 12 Courts Courts of Law The courts dish up as the venue where disputes are then settled and justice is administered.With regard to criminal justice, there are a number of critical people in any court setting. These criti cal people are referred to as the courtroom work group and include both professional and non professional individuals. These include thejudge,prosecutor, and thedefense lawyer. The judge, or magistrate, is a mortal, elected or appointed, who is knowledgeable in the law, and whose function is to objectively administer the legal proceedings and convolution a final decision to dispose of a case. In the U. S. and in a increase number of nations, criminalityor innocence (although in the U.S. a venire can never find a defendant innocent but preferably not guilty) is decided through theadversarial system.In this system, two parties will both offer their version of events andarguetheir case in advance the court (sometimes before a judge or panel of judges, sometimes before a jury). The case should be decided in favor of the party who offers the most expectant and compelling arguments based on the law as applied to the facts of the case. The prosecutor, or district attorney, is alawye rwho brings charges against a person, persons or corporate entity.It is the prosecutors duty to explain to the court what crime was committed and to detail what deductionhas been found which incriminates the accused. The prosecutor should not be confused with aplaintiffor plaintiffs counsel. Although both serve the function of bringing a complaint before the court, the prosecutor is a servant of the state who makes accusations on behalf of the state in criminal proceedings, while the plaintiff is the complaining party in civil proceedings. A defense attorney counsels the accused on the legal process, likely outcomes for the accused and suggests strategies.The accused, not the lawyer, has the right to make final decisions regarding a number of fundamental points, including whether to testify, and to accept a plea offer or demand a jury trial in appropriate cases. It is the defense attorneys duty to represent the interests of the client, raise procedural and evidentiary issues, and h old the prosecution to its preventive of proving guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Defense counsel may challenge evidence presented by the prosecution or present exculpatory evidence and argue on behalf of their client. At trial, the defense attorney may attempt to offer arebuttalto the prosecutors accusations.In the U. S. , an accused person is entitled to a government-paid defense attorney if he or she is in jeopardy of losing his or her life and/or liberty. Those who cannot afford a private attorney may be provided one by the state. Historically, however, the right to a defense attorney has not always been universal. For example, inTudorEngland criminals accused oftreasonwere not permitted to offer arguments in their defense. In many jurisdictions, there is no right to an appointed attorney, if the accused is not in jeopardy of losing his or her liberty.The final determination of guilt or innocence is typically made by a third party, who is supposed to be disinterested. This fun ction may be performed by a judge, a panel of judges, or ajurypanel tranquil of unbiased citizens. This process varies depending on the laws of the specific jurisdiction. In some places the panel (be it judges or a jury) is required to issue a unanimous decision, while in others only a majorityvoteis required. In America, this process depends on the state, level of court, and even agreements between the prosecuting and defending parties.Some nations do not use juries at all, or rely on theological or military governance to issue verdicts. Some cases can be disposed of without the need for a trial. In fact, the vast majority are. If the accused confesses his or her guilt, a shorter process may be employed and a judgment may be rendered more quickly. Some nations, such as America, allowplea bargainingin which the accused pleads guilty,nolo contendereor not guilty, and may accept a diversion program or reduced punishment, where the prosecutions case is weak or in exchange for the coo peration of the accused against other people.This reduced sentence is sometimes a reward for sparing the state the expense of a formal trial. Many nations do not permit the use of plea bargaining, accept that it coerces innocent people to plead guilty in an attempt to avoid a harsh punishment. The immaculate trial process, whatever the country, is fraught with problems and subject to criticism. Biasanddiscriminationform an ever-present threat to an objective decision. Any prejudiceon the part of the lawyers, the judge, or jury members threatens to destroy the courts credibility.Some people argue that the often Byzantine rules governing courtroom conduct and processes restrict a laypersons ability to participate, essentially reducing the legal process to a battle between the lawyers. In this case, the criticism is that the decision is based less on sound justice and more on the lawyers eloquence andcharisma. This is a particular problem when the lawyer performs in a substandard ma nner. The jury process is another area of frequent criticism, as there are few mechanisms to guard against poor judgment or incompetence on the part of the layman jurors.Judges themselves are very subject to bias subject to things as ordinary as the length of time since their last break. 13 Manipulations of the court system by defense and prosecution attorneys, law enforcement as well as the defendants have occurred and there have been cases where justice was denied. Interpol TheInternational Criminal Police face(ICPO), widely known asINTERPOL,3is anintergovernmental organizationfacilitating international police cooperation. It was established as the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC) in 1923 and adopted its telegraphic promise as its common name in 1956.Its membership of 190 countries provides a budget of around 60 million through annual contributions. The organizations headquarters is inLyon, France. It is the second largestintergovernmental organizationafter theUni ted Nationsbymember states. In 2011, the Interpol General Secretariat employed a staff of 673 representing 93 member countries. 1Its current Secretary-General isRonald Noble, a former United StatesUnder Secretary of the Treasury for Enforcement. SucceedingKhoo Boon Hui, its current President is Deputy Central conductor of the French Judicial PoliceMireille Ballestrazzi.In order to maintain as politically neutral a role as possible, Interpolsconstitutionforbids it to approach any interventions or activities of a political, military, religious, or racial nature. 4Its work focuses primarily on public safety,terrorism,organized crime,crimes against humanity,environmental crime,genocide,war crimes,piracy, illicittrafficinworks of art,illicit drugproduction,drug trafficking,weapons smuggling,human trafficking,money laundering,child pornography,white-collar crime,computer crime,intellectual property crimeandcorruption.Interpols headquarters are located inLyon, France. Corrections Offender s are then turned over to the correctional authorities, from the court system after the accused has been found guilty. Like all other aspects of criminal justice, the administration ofpunishmenthas taken many different forms throughout history. Early on, when civilizations lacked the resources necessary to construct and maintain prisons,exileandexecutionwere the primary forms of punishment. Historically pathospunishments andexilehave in like manner been used as forms of censure.The most publicly visible form of punishment in the modern era is theprison. Prisons may serve as detention centers for prisoners after trial. For containment of the accused, jails are used. Early prisons were used primarily to sequester criminals and little thought was given to living conditions within their walls. In America, theQuakermovement is commonly credited with establishing the idea that prisons should be used to reform criminals. This can also be seen as a critical moment in the debate regarding t he purpose of punishment. Punishment (in the form of prison time) may serve a variety of purposes.First, and most obviously, the incarceration of criminals removes them from the general population and inhibits their ability to rend further crimes. A new goal of prison punishments is to offer criminals a chance to be rehabilitated. Many modern prisons offer schooling or melody training to prisoners as a chance to learn a vocation and thereby earn a legitimate living when they are returned to society. Religious institutions also have a presence in many prisons, with the goal of teaching ethics and in howevering a sense of morality in the prisoners. If a prisoner is released before his time is served, he is released as a parole.This means that they are released, but the restrictions are greater than that of someone on probation. There are numerous other forms of punishment which are commonly used in conjunction with or in place of prison terms. Monetaryfinesare one of the oldest form s of punishment still used today. These fines may be paid to the state or to the victims as a form of reparation. Probationandhouse arrestare also sanctions which seek to restore a persons mobility and his or her opportunities to commit crimes without actually placing them in a prison setting.Furthermore, many jurisdictions may require some form of public or community service as a form of reparations for lesser offenses. In Corrections, the Department ensures court-ordered, pre-sentence chemical dependency assessments, related Drug Offender Sentencing secondary specific examinations and treatment will occur for offenders sentenced to Drug Offender Sentencing Alternative in compliance with RCW 9. 94A. 660. Execution orcapital punishmentis still used around the world. Its use is one of the most heavily debated aspects of the criminal justice system.Some societies are willing to use executions as a form of political control, or for relatively minor misdeeds. Other societies reserve e xecution for only the most sinister and brutal offenses. Others still have outlawed the practice entirely, believing the use of execution to be excessively cruel or hypocritical. History of criminal law The first civilizations generally did not distinguish betweencivil lawand criminal law. The first written codes of law were designed by the Sumerians.Around 2100-2050 BCUr-Nammu, theNeo-Sumerianking ofUr, enacted the oldest written legal code whose text has been detect theCode of Ur-Nammu although an earlier code ofUrukaginaofLagash( 2380-2360 BC ) is also known to have existed. Another important early code was theCode Hammurabi, which formed the core ofBabylonian law. Only fragments of the early criminal laws ofAncient Greecehave survived, e. g. those ofSolonandDraco. 2 The similarly significantCommentariesofGaiuson theTwelve Tablesalso conflated the civil and criminal aspects, treating theft orfurtumas atort.Assault and violentrobberywere analogized to trespassas to property. Brea ch of such laws created an obligation of law orvinculum juris discharged by payment of monetary compensation ordamages. The criminal law ofimperial Romeis collected in Books 47-48 of theDigestAfter the revival ofRoman lawin the 12th century, sixth-century Roman classifications and jurisprudence provided the foundations of the distinction between criminal and civil law inEuropeanlaw from then until the present time The first signs of the modern distinction between crimes and civil matters emerged during the Normanof England.The special imagination of criminal penalty, at least concerning Europe, arose in Spanish Late Scolasticism (seeAlfonso de Castro), when the theological notion of Gods penalty (poena aeterna) that was inflicted solely for a guilty mind, became transfused into canon law first and, finally, to secular criminal law. 6The development of thestatedispensingjusticein a court clearly emerged in the eighteenth century when European countries began maintaining police servi ces. From this point, criminal law had formalized the mechanisms for enforcement, which allowed for its development as a glaring entity.Objectives of criminal law Criminal law is distinctive for the uniquely serious potential consequences orsanctionsfor failure to abide by its rules. 7Every crime is composed ofcriminal elements. Capital punishmentmay be imposed in some jurisdictions for the most serious crimes. Physical orcorporal punishmentmay be imposed such aswhippingorcaning, although these punishments are prohibited in much of the world. Individuals may beincarceratedinprisonorjailin a variety of conditions depending on the jurisdiction. Confinement may be solitary. Length of incarceration may vary from a day to life.

Individual Project

I was the youngest of my two brothers and one sister, growing up in a small city on the Eastern shore of Maryland. Salisbury is the city name of my hometown. Our father died when I was at the young age of four. My pay off who was very strong willed and independent raised all of us on her own after daddy died. She raised us and taught us to do healthy in school and to make good grades. She instilled in all of us to be very loving and presentable children that respect our elders. We were brought up in the church building and taught to say our daily prayers before going to bed at night. Hygiene was a must and cleanliness was a daily routine.My grandson is nine years of age and he also lost his father(my son) at a early age, as we did. He use to come visit me during the summer and on holidays. He is a benignant child that had no will to do his best in anything. His mother is a deaf mute and very uncaring to her children. My grandson and his siblings have been removed from their homes by the State Dept. of Social Services everyplace seven times since he has been born. They were taken away because the mother wouldnt send them to school, would not keep appointments for their alveolar consonant work or health checkups and leaving them unattended for more than 24 hours.Because of her neglect my grandson lost all hope of being anybody in his world. He has been move in foster homes, unknowingly to me over the past three years of his life. The mother is in and out of jail. During her absence from their home has caused so many awful events. The kids were attacked by a dog that they brought in the house off the streets of Baltimore. His two sisters were raped by friends of their mother. They have gone to bed without anything to eat or drink. I went to Baltimore and rescued my grandson from his mother and that terrible city of Baltimore.My daughter and I have taught him so much since hes been living with me for the past two years. He now knows how to bathe daily, brush his teeth, match his clothes and shoes and most of all has been on the honor roll for the past two years in school. Ive filed for custody of him. Im still waiting for the custody courts to grant me a decision. Im strongly leaning toward being granted sole custody of him. My children are grown and one of them is deceased. I raised them in the footsteps of my mom raising me.This venture has been very stressful for me at times, further Im not going to give up on him. Im at the age of 55 and starting all over again raising a child. Im overjoyed because my grandson is safe and well taken care of and very much loved. Neglect is one of the main reasons for early age deaths of many children who are raised in the inner cities. Evidence and witnesses are needed to win a custody case. Even though the decision that the courts and custody hearings, I feel that I should be awarded sole custody of my grandson.

Professional Research Alchemist Inc

Specifically, it says that the existence dad et of the termination plan (I. E. The communication understand) occurs when the following critic aria have been met and communicated to employees (1) management have attached to the term nomination plan, (2) the plan identifies which employees go out be terminated and the evaluate com lotion term, (3) the plan establishes the usefulnesss arrangement in sufficient detail, and (4) it is unlike Ely that the plan will be withdrawn.In this case, termination plans exist for go down A and B noon management employees on tremendous 15, 2004 because on this date, each termination plan (1 ) has been okay by the board, (2) identifies the employees to be terminated, (3) identifies the b infinite paid per employee, and (4) is unlikely to change. In other words, August 1 5, 2004 is the communication date for the management termination plans for both Plant A and Plant B.FAST turnkey 42010258 then(prenominal) indicates that if employees will not be retained to r ender service beyond the minimum retention accepted (I. E. The legal notification period d), then a obligation for the termination benefits shall be recognized at the communication date. I n accordance with 42010305, this obligation should be measured at its fair encourage at the communicate ion date.Thus, the termination benefits for Plant A management employees, who will not be retained past the day notification period, should be recorded as a liability on August 15, 2 004, measured at the fair value of the benefits as of August 15 Using the example from FAST shadower 42010553, We find that we underside multiply the $5,000 per employee by the number Of term anted employees who are expected to remain at the termination date in recite to estimate fair v alee.The expected transaction could be as follows Termination return Loss Termination Benefit indebtedness FAST ASS 42010259 States that if employees are required to provide service u until they are termina ted in order to receive termination benefits and will be retain De to provide service beyond the minimum retention period, then a liability for the terminate ion benefits should e measured at the communication date. According to FAST ASS 42010306, t his liability should be measured found on the fair value of the liability as of the terminate on date and should be recognized ratable over the future service period.This applies to the term nation plan at Plant B, where management desires to retain the management employees past the day notification period. Thus, Alchemist should measure a liability for the Plant B management termination benefits on August 15, 2004 and this liability will be measured at TTS fair value as of declination 30, 2004 (the termination date). Using the example in FAST ASS 42010555, we find that the fair value of the liability for the termination plan at Plant B can b e found by victimisation an expected present value technique.Furthermore, the liability shoul d be recognized ratable by Alchemist in each month during the future service period (the pop period ended 12/30/2004). Now that we have addressed the termination benefits to management e employees, we need to address the severance benefits to management employees at Plant A and B. For the severance benefits paid to management, FAST ASS 71210052 indicates that the benefits fall under the contractual termination benefits literature because the benefits a re required if a specified event, such as a plant closing, causes employees to be involuntarily t ruminated.FAST ASS 71210252 then indicates that an employer who provides contractual term nomination benefits should recognize a liability and a loss when it is probable that employees will be entitled to benefits and the amount can be reasonably estimated. In this case, It is probe blew that the liability has been incurred on August 15, 2004 because the termination Of the plant m management is almost retain and the board has stated that the severance benefits will be provided. In addition, the loss can be reasonably estimated because the benefits are outlined by the employ e benefit website.Thus, Alchemist should recognize a loss and a liability for the management Severna CE benefits on August 15, 2004. In accordance with FAST ASS 71210252, the liability and loss shall entangle the amount of any lumps payments and the present value of any e expected future payments. The general transaction is shown below Severance Benefit Loss Severance Benefit Liability Early Termination of the Lease We were then asked to address the appropriate accounting treatment for the early termination of the lease.FAST ASS 42010251 1 indicates that cost to terminate e an operating lease can include costs that will continue to be incurred under the lease control act when there is no economic benefit to the entity of the lease. This applies in the case of chemistry SST, who is terminating the use of the plant, notwithstanding is unable to cancel the operating lease. F CAB ASS 42010308 then states that a liability for these incalculable operating lease co SST should be recognized at the causes date.Furthermore, FAST ASS 42010308 and 4201 309 indicate that the fair value of the liability at the causes date should be deter mined based on the remaining lease rental payments, adjusted for any prepaid or deferred items, and reduced by estimated sublease rental payments that could be reasonably obtained (whet her or not the entity enters the sublease). For Alchemist, the causes date is December 30, 2004. Thus, on December 30, 2004, Alchemist would recognize a liability equal to the fair value e of the remaining lease payments ($4 million per year) reduced by the estimated subs ease payments ($1 million per year) as of December 30th.The transaction would be as follows Rental Expense Rental Liability Other Costs (Plant Security Cost) Lastly, we were asked to address the appropriate accounting treatment for the e security cos ts associated with protecting plant B premises. FAST ASS 420102514 and 4 20102515 give us a guideline for the recognition of other costs (e. G. Plant security costs) associated with an exit or disposal practise. Since Alchemist anticipates hiring plant securities want r plant Bis termination, the estimation of the cost is regarded as a liability and should be recognized in the period when the guarding service is received.In addition, FAST ASS 4201030 10 indicates that such liability shall be measured at its fair value in the period it is incurred . That is, Alchemist should recognized the incremental cost of $1 after December ere 30, 2014 when the plant B is closed. Disclosure As stated in FAST ASS 42010501, all events related to exit or disposal activities shall be tell in notes to financial statements. Therefore, the amount expected to be incurred in connection with employee termination benefits, contract termination costs, a ND other associated costs should be disclosed accor dingly.To be more specific, the total amount e expected to be incurred, the amount incurred in this period, and the cumulative amount incur red to date associated with contractual termination benefits, the operating lease costs, as well as the plan t securities cost, should be disclosed in notes to financial statements. Literature attachment Employee Termination Literature 420 Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations 10 overall General 42010051 The Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations Topic addresses financial accounting an reporting for costs associated with exit or disposal activities.An exit activity in eludes but is not limited to a restructuring 42010052 Those costs include, but are not limited to, the following a. Involuntary employee termination benefits pursuant to a onetime benefit arrangement that, in substance, is not an ongoing benefit arrangement or an soul deferred compensation contract b. Costs to terminate a contract that is not a capital lease c. Other associated costs, inc luding costs to consolidate or close facilities and relocate employees. Transactions 42010153 The guidance in the Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations Topic applies to the following transactions and activities a.Termination benefits provided to current employees that are involuntarily terminated under the terms of a benefit arrangement that, in substance, is not an ongoing been fit arrangement or an individual deferred compensation contract (referred to as onetime employee termination benefits b. Costs to terminate a contract that is not a capital lease (see paragraphs 420102511 through 251 3 for further description of contract termination costs and paragraph 84030401 for terminations of a capital lease) c. Costs to consolidate facilities or relocate employees d.Costs associated with a disposal activity covered by Subtopic 20520 . Costs associated with an exit activity, including exit activities associated wit h an entity newly acquired in a business combination or an acquisition by a interoffice entity OneTime Employee Termination Benefits 42010254 An arrangement for onetime employee termination benefits exists at the date the plan of termination meets all Of the following criteria and has been com enunciated to employees (referred to as the communication date a. Management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan n of termination.

Artificial Sweeteners Are Really Bad Essay

Artificial sweeteners are chemicals or inseparable compounds that replace the dessert of sugar, without all of the calories. But sometimes the label sugar-free masks calories present in the food or drink. Aspartame, which is in Equal is a common chemical sweetener with sick(p) possible side effects. Effects include hallucinations to seizures and brain tumors it is hardly worth consuming for the sake of saved calories in my opinion. Then you also have Sucralose, which is cognize as Splenda. Recent research suggests that Splenda can enlarge both the liver and kidneys and shrink the thymus glands. Splenda reportedly can cause skin rashes, panic, diarrhea, headaches, bladder issues, ache pain, and those side effects dont even sum it up. In addition to all of this, consider the waste involved in the industry of unnaturally sweetening.Ever stepped into a coffee shop and noticed a mound of sugar substitute packets building on the counter or in the falderol? Weve been wasting one of our most precious resources for the sake of a sweetener that can harm our bodies and prevent weight loss. So what you can do sooner to get your sugar fix? Turn to natural sweeteners for your drinks and food alike. Honey, agave nector, organic maple syrup, brown rice syrup, and stevia are just a few natural sweeteners you can turn to. Not only allow for they wreak your body less, but your support of these sweeteners instead will, eventually, help to slow the production of toxic colored sweeteners.I am interested in this topic because so many people that I know use artificial sugar. My mom however, has never allow us use things like sweet and low or splenda because she was always aware of the bad things that happen in your body because of these artificial sugars. I inadequacy to be able to answer the question well why is it bad? when people ask me why they shouldnt use splenda and sweet and low. I will approach this as an informative paper, letting the audience know why it is bad, b ut also trying to convince people not to use it at the end.

Overcoming the Five Dysfunction of a Team Essay

The majority of Patrick Lencionis movement The Five Dysfunctions of a Team is a fictionalized flier of a really typical management ch on the wholeenge. The fictitous company is DecisionTech, a 150 person software start-up in Silicon Valley. The company, thanks to the efforts of Jeff the companys firstCEO, is well funded and staffed with top level executives. However, the company is lagging do-nothing several competitors and the board has replaced Jeff with Kathryn. Kathryn immediately begins a careful review of the situation and determines that the senior management squad isnt a good deal of a squad at all. Utilizing a series of exercises and off-site meetings, Kathryn begins an aggressive team building (and team thinning). She opens ever meeting of her direct reports with the following speechWe arouse a to a greater extent experienced and talented executive team than any of our competitors. We have more cash than they doWe have better core technology. And we have a powerful board of directors. Yet in spite of all that, we are behind two of our competitors in terms of both revenue and customer growth. Can anyone here(predicate) tell me why that is?In fact, Kathryn goes on to open every executive team meeting with this very quote. In time, Kathryn observes the personality traits of her team and their short comings clearly illustrate the 5 dysfunctions of a typical teamTeams need trust to communicate honestly and openly Absence of Trust Fear of ConflictTeams moldiness commit together Lack of Commitment. (Trust is a Prereq)Avoidance of AccountabilityInattention to resultsKathryn succeeds in righting the ship and act DecisionTech around but not without some trials and tribulations on the way. The newly invigorated executive team is much much stronger.More Key PointsCommon team goals lead individuals to making better decisions, seeing beyond their own potentially narrow self interests and really moving the needle in the corporate world. The hobble is si mple building and maintaining a team is hard work and can force even the around seasoned professional well outside of their traditional comfort zones. Professionals have disparate work habits, intercourse styles and levels of emotional intelligence. Getting everyone to pull in the same direction can be tough workThis book also includes pages of worksheets, self-assessments and more. This work is a quick one or two hour read.Recommended ResourcesFor a more in-depth, comprehensive summary of Five Dysfunctions of a Team

Jeffrey Young Believes That Moves Towards ‘Upmarket Burgers’ Essay

Jeffery Young has this belief that there would be a positive shift towards Upmarket Burgers Well I believe this point to an extent as we arrive at approached to the generation people of all ages go for a healthier option as it has become a trend for all ages. But as the economy improves there would be an increase of income therefore a quality market opportunity.But the Future is unpredictable as we are presently in Double-dip box as we have no idea how the future is going to be The local Community would go for a Low-Priced but good quality food but the disadvantage would the company GBK may fail as it does not have as many consumers as it is graduate(prenominal)ly prices, overall I conclude It all depends on the Income of the economy.On the hand I have a stronger belief that the debased food Franchises (A franchise is a right granted to an individual or group to market a companys goods or services within a certain territory or location), in this case it is called the Low-market Burgers will not go extinct because the franchises like McDonalds, KFC, Burger King and Subway have the pursuance USPs (Unique Selling Points).Well it has food at a lower price which they specialise in which is affordable to the local community who do not have enough of income to buy Upmarket Burgers at a daily rate. The second reason that they are more recognised as they have a recognisable trademark (a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product.) for Example- For McDonalds there are the two golden arches which is in the run of an M.And also their reputation known world-wide, as they are set in the best locations for these low-toned franchises and services, they are almost found along each mile near a town centre. To bring to an end I would say that the franchises like McDonalds, Burger King, KFC and Subway will not go into extinction as the node loyalty increases through the years whereas the customer loyalty for GBK(G ourmet Burger Kitchen) will have a decrease because of their high quality, high priced products. Therefore, a reduction of GBK stores.

‘Minority’ †Unseen poem analysis Essay

Minority is a verse about tone dis spotd and rejected from society. It conveys to the reader how helpful literature quite a little be in voicing important opinions to society. The poem communicates the idea of exclusion and the feeling of macrocosm unwanted to the reader through meaningful lexical choices and imagery.Dharker begins with the subscriber edge I was born a foreigner. It is impossible to be born a foreigner, as everybody is born somewhere. However, this line helps to convey to the reader straight away that the persona does not belong and faces prejudice even from the rural area they were born in due to being the child of an immigrant. In addition to this, end-to-end the poem, the persona seldom addresses other people, only sometimes referring to the reader as you. There is repetition of the personal pronoun I throughout suggests that the persona is only as they do not have anybody else to refer to. This could also suggest how the poet feels she is alone in her th oughts about this area.The speaker also customs sensory imagery in order to convey their feelings of being foreign. It is stated that they are like food cooked in milk of coconut and there is an unexpected aftertaste. The drop of this simile expresses to the reader that the persona is not what people expect in their country just as an unexpected aftertaste is not what would be expected from a cultures stereotypical meal.The following stanza speaks about the language barriers between the persona and the people in the society around them. It is stated that words tumble over, a deceitfulness tripwire on the tongue. This could be referring to how the personas unusual accent may be heard significantly when they say some words. The use of the word cunning suggests that the language that the person is trying to speak is tricking them. This use of anthropomorphism when describing the tripwire suggests that it is not just society that makes her feel like an outcast, but the language she must speak.The poet therefore goes on to write about how writing has no reckonment and will accept her. She writes that she scratches on the ontogenesis scab of black on white. By comparing the prejudice to a scab, she is suggesting that there is a pain that she can heal by putting pen to paper black on white. She then states that a page doesnt fight back. This conveys a strong message to the reader that poetry does not judge and she can convey a message more effectively through this than speaking due to her place in society as a minority.Dharker also uses manichean imagery to emphasise her emotion towards the subject of the poem. She writes so I scratch, scratch through the darkness. The fact that the speaker works on this through the night suggests that the problem is keeping the persona awake. The use of the night creates a dark atmosphere and a sombre but strong tone as the reader feels as though the persona works super hard for their rights and wants them so much that t hey will stay up all night formulating their feelings into words that can convey a message.

Person centred values Essay

A.C 1.2- Outline the bene lay claim ons of scating with an mortal with craziness in a psyche-centred fashionIt is either important(p) to play with an one-on-one with dementia in a person-centred manner in opposite to meet the mortals indispens moguls and to provide the best quality make do proceeds. The benefits include to ensure quality of spiritedness of the idiosyncratic and to treat the individual as deem fit and necessary.To place the individual at the centre values, individuality i.e. e actu solelyyones differences must be recognized and respected. Choice, silence, info and activities must be kept confidential. Individual must be empowered to do activities for themselves which center individual must be independent. It is vital for the social dispense worker to work using these precise methods to kick in the wishings and wishes of the individual. This result excessively mean that individuals will olfactory sensation empowered and in tell of their b reak d witnesss, be to a greater extent confident nigh making decisions, will stirred state valued and respected. A.C. 1.3 Why risk-taking shadower be art object of a person-centred glide slopesee moredefine person centred planningLife it ego is a risk. We take risk in our daily lives.The person-centred get to risk includes making an assessment with the passel compound in the plan such(prenominal) as the individual, their relatives and separate professionals. Risk taking is start of a person-centred approach as this empowers individuals to provoke choices closely what they want to do in their lives as fountainhead as to be part of their community. non eachowing individuals to take risks goat take hold a negative impact on an individuals spiritedness which whitethorn negate the modal value they which to live. victorious risks means that you argon equal to solve and be in control of what you do. You need to ensure that a concern close taking risks is non stopp ing you living the focusing you want to. A.C. 2.1 c everywhere the subprogram that retentivityrs finish produce in the fear and dungeon of individuals with dementiaA.C.2.2 rationalize the value of developing a professional works relationship with handlers every mean solar day we make umpteen choices. All choices be important, even so though whatever of them atomic number 18 very small. Day-to day choices be often quantifys close to the cloth we wear, the food we eat, how we spend our money and who we spend prison term with. Other choices we make include where to work and who to live with, where to live and where to go on holiday. We probably take the freedom to make these choices for granted, but these choices ar often do for plenty with learning disabilities, without paying forethought to their wishes. Choice is non lone(prenominal) for great deal who brush off speak for themselves. nation with severe or threatening learning disabilities can make m whatsoever choices for themselves. We will need to develop our observation skills to discover the stylus in which the person we conduct expresses their preferences. Over time we will be fit to build up a more detailed understanding of how they communicate their likes and dislikes. We can then use this data to pretend the person in making more choices. Having choice over a particular part of our flavor means we have control. This is good for our emotional and mental health, and helps us to feel a real part of the community.Part of our task is ensuring that tribe with learning difficulties have choice in their lives. Privacy is a grassroots human need. We all need to do some things alone and to have time to ourselves to do as we please. Our need for privacy depends on our personality, interests and circumstances. We must respect peoples need for privacy whenever it arises. If our work involves supporting a person with their personal concern, we will need to makeparticular e fforts to ensure privacy for them. We are dependent on separate people for all aspects of our daily life. Think virtually the turn in of electricity and water to our homes, the food we eat and the transport we use, not to mention access to communication technology such as phones, Television and the internet. More importantly, we are dependent on those close to us for their love, support and affection. It is more accurate to say that we are all independent. We need other people in all areas of our life. There are, however, different types of freedom. We can see this with children, as they grow from being totally dependent babies to very much more independent teenagers.Gradually, people with learning disabilities are taking more control of their lives. But even today, people with learning disabilities are often on the receiving end of other peoples decisions and planning. They may not have the power to decide on their own lifestyle. Other people, such as service providers, famil y or support workers, often make these decision for them. Others may be well supported, but inadequacy the confidence or experience to take control of their lives. We have a vitally important fictional character in the potency of people with learning disabilities to become independent. People with learning disabilities have the same justlys as every other citizen in our society. The fundamental principle means that people with learning disabilities should never be treated in an inhuman or degrading way. They should perpetually be treated politely, and as people of value in their own right. The way ourselves and our colleagues behave towards the people with learning disabilities we support affects the way that other people see them, and the way they see themselves. We should always show gestateation to the people with learning disabilities that we work with.Our actions and attitudes should show that everyone is worthy of respect. Every day in our work as a learning disabilities worker, we are a partner with a person with disability we support. We are working with them so that they can converge their dreams and ambitions, and so that we can assist them their particular needs. Partnership also involves other people working together, to meet the needs of people with learning disabilities as fully as possible. This may include partnership with other professionals such as social workers, GPs, Physiologists, Psychiatrists, and speech and voice communication therapist. The families of the people with learning disabilities we support are often very important partners in our work. Most family carershave a wealth of enjoyledge and experience about their family member. They know their likes and dislikes, their personal history and any other particular medical needs. They are often more than quick-witted to share what they know with new workers.When asking family carers for cultivation, it is important to remember that some families have seen many workers come and go in their relatives life. They may have repeated the same reading very many times. Some may feel disillusioned of past experiences when things have not changed as they had hoped. A major aspect of partnership working is bringing together in an atmosphere where this is hardly the accepted way of doing things. In this type of working environment, training, attitudes, procedures and quality standards all have partnership as one of their goals. Successful partnership depend to a large extent upon the amount of effort project into creating an environment in which joint working is seen simply as the way things are done.Discrimination against people with learning disabilities and their families often results in the unfair and unequal sermon of people just because of their learning disability. People with learning disabilities may not be allowed the freedom and opportunities which the Human Rights Act and other laws encourage. They often organisation prejudice and discrimination. They may be treated unequally and unjustly and denied the opportunities that should be available to them, just as they are to other citizens. Equal opportunities mean that people with learning disabilities should No thirster be marginalized and stranded within societyHave the same social statues as other peopleNo longer be subject to exploitation and abuseHave their opinions taken flagitiouslyHave their adult lieu recognizedHave the same citizenship right as other people.Failure to give equal opportunities to people with learning disabilities denies our reciprocal humanity. It causes anger, frustration, despair, hopelessness and loneliness for the people involved, and keeps them powerless and dependent. The General Social Care Council (GSCC) is the brass section set up by the government in 2001 to register and regulate all social care workers. It has produced a Code of Practice which states that social care workers should work in a certain way.A.C 3.1 Describe the roles of ot hers in the care and support of individuals with dementiaIt is fundamental ethical principle that every person has the right to posit what happens to his/her own body. This right is radiateed in the Rules of professional Conduct and the Core Standards of Physiotherapy practice and is also protected by law. Touching a patient prior to obtaining valid take over may shape battery under civil or criminal law, or in some circumstances, sexual assault. However, it is important to gain patients consent prior to assessment treatment. It is also a matter of common courtesy between the patient and the care assistant and helps to establish a relationship of trust and confidence. secern shows that where such a relationship exists, patients are less likely to take a legal action, and this could be why legal action against care assistants is rare. As a broad principle consent should be gained for all activities, even if we want to plump soulfulnesss pillows. It is important that people not only give their consent but also fully understand what they are consenting to and the implications.Consent can be implied, verbal, informal or written. Gaining consent protects both the carer and the person against legal scraps. A health care service consent document supports the rights of patients and families to be apprised about the benefit and risk of a proposed treatment or procedure and to make a voluntary decision as to whether to proceed or not. The spare-time activity must be considered when making a valid consent i. the patient must have capability to consent i.e. be mentally competent. ii. Consent must be voluntary i.e the patient must not be acting under duress. iii. The patients must have received sufficient information to make a decision about their treatment.A.C 3.2 Explain when it may be necessary to refer to others when supporting individuals with dementia To set up consent for an activity or action we have to explain the activity or action to the other part y so they have the correct information to make an inform decision. If the persons lacks the electrical condenser to make informed decisions alone then we will need to establish who else need to be involved. This information is usually establish in thepersons care of plan or in a communication chart established to cover a range of circumstances. To establish consent to an action or activity we need toExplain what it is using language familiar to the individualDescribe what the action or activity involvesExplain the benefits to the individualExplain any potential or actual risks involved in doing it and not doing it take heed to and observe the individuals responseEncourage the individual to ask questionsGive the individual time to process the informationConfirm consent again immediately prior to any action or activity.A.C 3.3 Explain how to access the additional support of others when supporting individuals with dementia Consent (permission) must be given over before care can be to a person. To even touch a person when forbidden, can be consider assault. If in that respect is cypher available when an intoxicated, unconscious or impaired individual presents for care, consent is implied, as there is nobody to give that consent. It is assumed that consent would be given by family or that person, if they were able to communicate that. The only time that we cannot take saving measures, is when there is a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order on that patient. It is considered an emergency if a person is apparently experiencing severe suffering or is at risk of sustaining serious bodily harm.The expectation for emergency treatment applies if the patient is mentally incapable of making the treatment decision. The delay required to obtain consent will prolong the suffering or put the person at risk of sustaining serious bodily harm. The expectation for emergency treatment also applies if the patient is apparently capable, but communication cannot occur because of a lan guage barrier or a disability. Reasonable steps have been taken to find a practical means of communicating with the patient but such steps have been unsuccessful, and the delay required to find a practical means to communicate will prolong suffering or put the person at risk of sustaining serious bodily harm in addition, a health practitioner who believes that a person is mentally incapable, or where communication cannot take place afterreasonable steps have been taken, may conduct an examination or diagnostic procedure without consent, if the examination or diagnostic procedure is reasonable necessary to determine whether there is emergency.If a patient presents in an emergency attitude, is unconscious, mentally incapable, and with no family available, and no advance directional in place, it is considered reasonable to treat the patient. It is assumed that under these conditions, the patient would consent to treat. If there is a language barrier, and the patient is otherwise cap able of giving consent, a reasonable effort must be do to find an interpreter, which includes using the ones through the phone companies. If the patients life is in danger, and there is nobody who can communicate with them, then with careful documentation, treatment can be delivered.A.C 4.1 Demonstrate how to use a person-centred thinking tool in relation to own life to identify what is working and not workingPeople who use serve and carers are becoming more active participants in social care provision, training and employment. They are no longer the passive recipients of service. Skills for care committed to ensuring people who use services and carers get an opportunity to have their say and participate in projects, to ensure that activities undertaken by Skills for Care think over their need, wants and aspirations. Providing individual with empowerment is important. Empowerment is about enabling the individuals we support to contribute and have an influence over the issues whi ch affect the way they live. When individuals make choices, they have more control and feel valued.It is important that we support empowerment of the individuals we work with. Providing individuals with empowerment to make informed choices enables individuals to maintain their rights of choice, equality and opportunity. Active fellowship is ways of working that recognize an individuals right to participate in the activities and relationship of their own care or support, rather than just a recipient. Being part of a community is particularly important to individuals who live on their and do not work. It does not matter what kind of something will give them a whiz of belonging, a feeling of self-worth and independence.A.C. 4.2 Describe own relationship circle4.3 Describe how helpful using a person-centred thinking tool was to identify actions in relation to own life Putting active participation into practice means being able to recognize and reduce potential barriers to its impleme ntation. Barriers to implementing an active participation approach can occur where the health and social practitioners lack understanding of the individuals personality, history, health and cognitive status and social abilities View the person as a passive recipient of care who is always dependent on others Have low expectations of the persons ability to develop, change and achieveWe are not committed to making an active participation approach to work Lack creativity and flexibleness and flexibility in thinking about ways of providing care or support Lack diligence and tenacity when pursuing active participation goals Have inconsistent approach, and does not integrate active participation into our care practice to the extent that it becomes part and parcel of our daily care practice Changing attitudes is the severalise to reducing barriers to active participation. Improving societys attitudes to, and expectations of, people with disabilities is an important part of this involving the individual and all those people who are significant to them is also crucial to success.A.C. 5.1 Use person-centred thinking to know and act on what is important to the individual In order to enable individual to make an informed choice, both us and the individual first need to think about what all of the available options are. We are then need to look at what are good and bad about each option. Health and safety are important factors and must be put first for us, the individual and anyone else involved. The Mental Capacity Act in other Standards provides the legal framework for capacity and decision making about health and social care and financial decisions which applies to everyone aged over 16. We will need to consider whether the person we are supporting has capacity to make informed decision s or we need a formal mental capacity re affect. It is important to note that a person is assumed to have capacity unless it is proved otherwise. There is a four-step way to test for c apacity a person must be able to Understand the information relevant to a decisionRetain the informationUse the information as part of decision making processCommunicate their decisionIn supporting a person to make a decision, we have a duty to assist the person in all four of these steps. For example, using trance communication methods to help the person to understand and communicate. Capacity is assessed specific to each decision and occasion. For example, a person may have capacity to make a decision in the Moring about what to wear, but not later day in deciding if they want to move home. If someone is assessed as lacking capacity, any decision taken on their behalf must be in their best interests and we must consider if there are less restrictive options. For example, if a decision can be delay until a person is less distressed this is the best course of action. However, if a person does have capacity this over-rides what we may consider as an unwise decision.A.C. 5.2 Establis h with the individual how they want to be supportedEach individual have a formal assessment as part of their care and support plan. The assessment should contain information about the individual and the type of care and support they need. It will provide the most appropriate options for keeping the individual and anyone else as safe as possible. It will also tell us how to do some tasks where these tasks have been risk assessed and the best option has been established. A particular way of moving and handling is recommended for Mr. X because he has health issues that mean he or she can only be moved other way. Mr. X does not like being moved this way and asks to be moved another way.We should always follow the risk assessment. We should report Mr Xs request to our supervisor/manager. If we are appropriately learn in risk assessment and moving and handling and the change Mr X requires is minor, we may be able to make this change. We should never make changes unless we are trained or our supervisor or manager confirms we can make the change. We should always record any changes in Mr Xs wishes and in the way we execute tasks. Every effort should be made to support Mr X to be moved in the way he wants to be moved. He has the right to make this choice but an appropriately trainedperson will need to review the risk assessment first and work out if it is safe for all involved for Mr X to be moved in the way he wishes.A.C. 5.3 Use person-centred thinking to know and respond to how the individual communicates 5.4 Be Responsive to how an individual makes decisions to support them to have maximum choice and control in their life When an individual has made decision which we feel is risky, we need to make the individual sensible of any consequences involved in the decision however we should not try to influence the individual with our view or opinions. It is the individuals freedom of choice to make decisions about their own future and support. Providing they have th e right information to make an informed choice and have the capacity to understand their choice it is part of our duty of care to enable them to do so. Referring to Mr. X in 5.2 above, we might not approve of or like the choice he has made. We might need more moving and handling training, perhaps for a specialist piece of equipment. However, the choice is not ours and we are not allowed to influence Mr X. in supporting Mr X to make his decision, we need to listen to him and put his wishes and best interests first.This means the service must be provided in the way Mr X would like, as long as it is safe and approved through care and support plans and risk assessment. This is because the choices belong to Mr x, not to us. He needs to make his own decisions in order to feel he is in control of what happens to him. This leads to positive feelings around dignity, pride and satisfaction. If relative or friend has made a decision about individuals care, support or life that the individual i s not happy or comfortable with, we may need to support the individual to question or challenge the decision. It is important that we obtain and understand the facts and reasons surrounding the decision so we can make sure the individual has a clear understandingIf the individual remains sure that he or she is not happy with the decision, once he or she has this information, we can work with the individual to support them to challenge the decision. Any changes that are made as a result of this change must be safe for us, the individual and anyone else involved. We should never make changes unless we are trained to do so or our supervisor or manager confirms we can make the change. We should always record any changes in individuals wishes and in the way we practise tasks.It is essential that we understand the Mental Capacity Act and how to work within its requirements every day with every individual.A.C. 6.1- Explain how individual identity and self-esteem are linked with welfaresp iritual well being is an integral part of mental, emotional and physical health. It can be associated with a specific morality but does not have to be. It is about an individuals own journey to discover things of richness in their lives and enabling them to find purpose and meaning in life. The effects and impact of spiritual social welfare is determined by each individual and can make a huge impact on their lives. Through spiritual well-being, individual can become empowered and realize that even though they have issues, stressors, and challenges, they are not define by their circumstances. In realizing this individuals gain greater peace, best(p) freedom of self expression, increased manageable over the healing and support process and higher(prenominal) self-esteem. A few of the numerous benefits of spiritual well-being include Feeling content with our lifes situationMaking time to spend alone and find inner peaceTaking time to reflect and resolve lifes issuesFinding satisfact ion in a job well done.Taking part in an active lifestyle rather than merely standing by and watching life as it passesMaintaining balance and control of lifeBuilding relationshipsFeeling purpose and meaning in lifeAccepting and growing from challenges of lifeEmotional well-being is based on how individuals feel about themselves. soul who is emotionally healthyUnderstands and adapt to changesCopes with stressHas a positive outlook on life and themselvesHas the ability to love and care for othersCan act independently to meet his or own needsEveryone, including people who are emotionally healthy, have problems.If something or someone threatens our happiness or well-being, we would feeluncomfortable emotions such as anger, sadness or fear. When we experience something that enhances our situation, we feel emotions such as joy, satisfaction or a sense of achievement. The way we are brought up and our culture have a great influence on how we feel. They help us to form ideas and decide wh at we care about. Everyone deals with situations in life differently. What may seem inconstant to our closest friend might be upsetting to us.Sometimes an individuals self-esteem (the way they feel about themselves) can become so low that everything seems a lot harder to cope with compared with when they are feeling confident. Being emotionally healthy does not mean that we feel happy all the time. in force(p) emotional health is about having lots of different emotions, and being able to accept them and talk about them. Signs that Individuals are not coping well emotionally might include having a lack of self-confidence, having tizzy with relationship or feeling unhappy a lot of the time.A.C. 6.2 Describe attitudes and approaches that are likely to incite an individuals wellbeing Because we are so different and diverse, we have different and diverse views about every subject. We may not approve of or agree with the views of individual we support but our role is about working wi th them in ways that support their views. The best way to find out about an individual is to ask questions that are not threatening but show us have a genuine interest in the individual. By encouraging them to talk about themselves and listening to their views, as we will learn a great deal about the individuals we work with. Through this learning, we will be able to meet their needs in ways that are sensitive and supportive of their views making individual feel valued. Our role is to support individuals to feel emotional well-being and to feel emotional wellbeing, individuals need to feel Appreciated, cared about and lovedSafe and secureExtra supported when they feel sad, depressed or lonelyThat they are not a burden but an important priorityListened to and respectedSatisfied with relationshipsIndependent and in control of their livesThat they have a purpose and meaning to their livesWe will need good communication skills and be able to listen but also to encourage individuals and show understanding and support for what is important to them in life. We could suggest that the individual organizes for someone from their faith or community crowd. It might be possible for someone from the group to organize travel and support arrangements whilst the individual attend the group.A.C. 6.3 Support an individual in a way that promotes a sense of identity and self-esteem Each individuals spirituality is greatly impacted by the community they are a part of and the relationships they take part in. Spiritual wellbeing is not a practice of isolation but rather of affecting and involving the people around the individual. Spiritual well-being groups and sessions could provide an open and save environment to explore, learn, practice, support and heal. This safe-haven offered in such a group is important to individuals who experience difficulties in their lives. Individuals may be able to find spiritual well-being programs in their local areas. These may include group explor ation and experimental practices on the topics of meditation, prayer, forgiveness, personal values, and purpose in life, the role of self-esteem in spiritual connection, healthy relationships and developing an authentic relationship with a higher Power, or God.A.C. 6.4 Demonstrate ways to contribute to an environment that promotes well-being By promoting an individuals spiritual and emotional wellbeing, we can help improve their self esteem and make them valued and remain their own person. Building an individuals self esteem is a first step towards the happiness and emotional well-being of the individuals we support. Focusing on what they can do rather than on what they cannot do, will encourage their independence and feeling of self worth. It is also important to help individuals to deal with stress. Changes in situations and in their ability to do things can cause stress. However, by providing encouragement and positive support we can improve their inner self and quality of life. By providing emotional support, understanding and good quality care, we can improve on individuals confidence, promoting spiritual and emotional well-being.

Interim Report IDBI Federal Essay

Problem statement To ruminate workmen honorarium in IDBI and determine the satisfaction train of employees. Description of the Project Reward corpse is a tool by which employee can attract, motivate, and retain employees. It involves everything the employee perceives to be of honour resulting from the employment relationship successful. The reward system consists of many components out of which Compensation is one the nigh the important factor in employee satisfaction. Organization hand over to pick up the type of stipend required for from each one of the employees and the one which has blue impact on the system. query Objective Employees preference towards amount rewards system depends on ones perception and the pauperism level he has achieved in life. Various theories have been incorporated to justify the preference. The theories argon explained in lit review. Based on the problem definition, we formulated our hypothesis.* Objectives of the Project To remove the workm en payment in IDBI-Primary objectives The main confinement of the project is to identify * The respective(a) fees offered to workmen in IDBI and policies used to evaluate various compensations. * The satisfaction level of employees with their compensation at IDBI.-Secondary objectives * Is there any preference given to compensation by employees at any level of choosing job. * How compensation help organization to retain and attract employees.* Methodology * Primary Data the main information collection will be done by surveys on the present as well as past employees if possible. * Secondary Data the secondary data will be as provided by the political party guides through their records and manuals.Hypothesis 1 Employees are satisfied by the timely compensation provided to them under various circumstances by the IDBI. Hypothesis 2 Employees are non satisfied by the timely compensation provided to them under various circumstances by the IDBI.The research is restricted to IDBI emp loyees only, the race size consist of exclusively the employees present in the organization. We shall try to involve the response of every employee. The various theories which help us to understand the satisfaction and retention level of employees in the organization are The motivational theories which were crucial for this kind of study were Maslows need Hierarchy and Herzbergs 2-factor theory* Maslow Need Hierarchy People are do by inner needs. Needs form a hierarchy from most basic to higher order. The value of compensation will depend on the level of pyramid at which the person is residing. * Herzbergs two factor theory Employees are motivated by two ways of motivators hygienics factor and satisfiers. Hygiene factors in their absence prevent behaviors but their presence cannot motivate performance. Satisfiers such as recognition, promotion and execution motivate performance.According to Maslows hierarchy of needs the person who has achieved the levels of physiological need s and safety would be motivated by other factors. For the people at level 3 may not lease monetary rewards as driving force. Therefore there are chances that employees will not take compensation into matter for changing their jobs. Reward system is a tool by which employee can attract, motivate, and retain employees. It involves everything the employee perceives to be of value resulting from the employment relationship successful. The reward system consists of many components out of which Compensation is one the most the important factor in employee satisfaction. Organization try to understand the type of compensation required for each of the employees and the one which has high impact on the system.Introduction * Insurance vault of heaven in India In India, insurance has a deep-rooted history. Insurance in various forms has been mentioned in the writings of Manu (Manusmrithi), Yagnavalkya (Dharmashastra) and Kautilya (Arthashastra). The fundamental basis of the historical refer ence to insurance in these ancient Indian texts is the same i.e. pooling of resources that could be re-distributed in times of calamities such as fire, floods, epidemics and famine. The early references to Insurance in these texts have reference to marine trade loans and carriers contracts. The insurance sector in India has grown at a fast rate post-liberalization in 1999. In the last decade, total subsidy grew at a CAGR of 25% and reached a total of $67 billion in 2010.Indian aliveness insurance industry (which contributes 88% of total Life and General insurance premium in India) has emerged as the 9th largest life insurance market in the world. Yet, Insurance penetration (measured as ratio of premium underwritten to GDP) was only at 5.2 % in 2010 significantly lower than Asian peers like South Korea, Taiwan, Japan and Hong Kong which squander an insurance density greater than 10%. With low insurance penetration levels, growth potential trunk promising. More importantly, the p ace and nature of growth will likely see a change where saucy behaviors and dynamics of demand and supply will apply.On the demand side, growth is being fuelled by the outgrowth population base, rising purchasing power, increased insurance awareness, increased domestic savings and rising monetary literacy. The suppliers are correspondingly playing a market making role as competition heightens and preeminence become necessary for profitable growth. The major insurance companies in India and their market share is as followsinitially there were only two insurance companies that operated the insurance sector in India, namely, Life Insurance locoweed of India (LIC) and the other General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC). On December 2000, the subsidiaries were declared independent and began to operate as independent as independent insurance companies. According to statistics the life insurance premiums and general insurance premiums accounts to 2.5% and 0.65% of Indias GDP respec tively* Role of HR in Insurance Industry The Human Resources function in the insurance industry is of utmost important. The business of acquiring clients, providing proper awareness and converting them into customers thoroughly depends on the gross sales force. India being a developing nation, majority of households do not have disposable income. There is a shift in customer loyalty in no time owing to the digital revolution. The population that has enough disposable income at hand also requires proper financial advice.The sales person, hence, need not only be well versed with the art of selling but also needs to be sound with financial knowledge about the products and its implications. Thus acquiring talent and retaining it is a major rival in this industry. The reason being a multifaceted personality is required to work for the company. The major compensation provided to these employees is often variable which keeps them on the edge of performing better every day.* Introduction (Company) IDBI Federal Life Insurance Company Ltd is a joint venture of IDBI Bank, Federal Bank and Fortis (Ageas) Insurance International belongings 48%, 26% and 26% stake respectively. With the Insurance Regulatory and Developmental Authority (IRDA) setting regulations to value the interest of the customers, the insurer companies need to maintain a capital structure in the form of solvency ratio. A higher solvency ratio will lead to the company with a higher surplus.As per the Annual promulgate 2011-12 released by IRDA, IDBI Federal holds a high solvency rate of 6.61 in March 2012. With a very high solvency rate which is second among all the private and public life insurers of India IDBI Federal poses as a water-loving and safe insurer. As on March 2013, there are 10 products in the rack of IDBI federal. They are Bondsurance, Group Microsurance, Childsurance, Healthsurance, Homesurance, Incomesurance, Lifesurance, Loansurance, Termsurance, and Wealthsurance.